Agronomy, Vol. 15, Pages 726: Sugarcane Responses to Water Deficit Are Modulated by Environmental CO2 Concentration in a Genotype and Scale Dependent-Manner
Agronomy doi: 10.3390/agronomy15030726
Authors:
Zulma Catherine Cardenal-Rubio
Elberth Hernando Pinzón-Sandoval
Paulo Cássio Alves Linhares
Antonia Almeida da Silva
Claudia Rita de Souza
Mewael Kiros Assefa
João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa
Paulo Eduardo Ribeiro Marchiori
Events by changes in climate alter the growth and physiology of sugarcane. In this context, the study aimed to investigate the morphological, anatomical, and physiological responses of two different sugarcane varieties under a condition of high carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with water deficit, testing the hypothesis that sugarcane responses to drought are modulated by high (CO2) in different plant scales. Thirty days after sprouting, the plants were grown under two (CO2) in the atmosphere (400 and 680 μmol CO2 mol−1 of air) and under water restriction conditions. At the morphological level, we assessed total biomass, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and root-shoot ratio; at the physiological level, relative water content, water use efficiency, in vivo maximum rate of Rubisco, and PEPC carboxylation, photosynthesis, total organic carbon, and nitrogen, and carbon-nitrogen ratio. At the anatomical level, we assessed stomatal density at adaxial and abaxial surfaces and wall thickness bundle sheath cells. The results indicate that at all levels, the response of sugarcane plants exposed to high CO2 concentration and drought is genotype-dependent. In general, variety RB855536 showed greater physiological responses: a better water use efficiency and alteration in the carboxylation rate of Rubisco enzyme, while variety RB867515 showed a greater morphological response determined by changes in biomass allocation and anatomical alterations of stomatal densities and functionality. The sugarcane varieties exposed to water deficit and high CO2 concentration developed different strategies based on morphological, physiological, and/or anatomical changes that are useful for facing climate change scenarios, and the effects of drought can be mitigated by the high (CO2) in the air.
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Zulma Catherine Cardenal-Rubio www.mdpi.com
