Biomedicines, Vol. 13, Pages 2321: Role of Adipokines Chemerin, Visfatin, and Omentin in Obesity and Their Inflammatory and Metabolic Implications

Biomedicines doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13102321

Authors:
Wilson José S. Pedro
Flávio V. Barbosa Júnior
Fernanda N. B. R. Alves
Lenita V. Braga
Larissa R. Alves
João Pedro R. Afonso
Iranse O. Silva
Carlos Hassel M. Silva
Sergio Vencio
Paolo Capodaglio
Luis V. F. Oliveira
Wilson R. Freitas Júnior

Obesity is a multifactorial disease with endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory underpinnings, leading to numerous comorbidities and increased mortality. This has driven research into adipose tissue’s role as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines. This review critically analyzes three of these adipokines: chemerin, omentin-1, and visfatin. Chemerin and omentin-1 have well-defined roles as pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, respectively. However, the function of visfatin remains controversial, with conflicting data regarding its role in glucose metabolism and inflammation. This conflicting evidence highlights an urgent need for standardized assays and population-specific studies to clarify its true function. We conclude that while chemerin and omentin-1 represent promising targets, the ambiguity surrounding visfatin limits its current clinical utility, and resolving these knowledge gaps is essential for developing effective biomarkers and therapies for obesity and its comorbidities.

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Wilson José S. Pedro www.mdpi.com