Immuno, Vol. 5, Pages 33: Impact of Major Pelvic Ganglion Denervation on Prostate Histology, Immune Response, and Serum Prolactin and Testosterone Levels in Rats

Immuno doi: 10.3390/immuno5030033

Authors:
Pabeli Saraí Becerra-Romero
Cynthia Fernández-Pomares
Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Alba
Jorge Manzo
Gonzalo E. Aranda-Abreu
Fausto Rojas-Durán
Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias
María Rebeca Toledo-Cárdenas
Genaro Alfonso Coria-Ávila
Maria Elena Hernández-Aguilar

The prostate gland, a male accessory reproductive organ, is regulated by hormonal inputs and autonomic innervation from the major pelvic ganglion. This study examined the effects of major pelvic ganglion denervation on prostate histology, immune cell infiltration, and systemic levels of prolactin, testosterone, and cytokines in rats. Male Wistar rats (300–350 g) were divided into groups receiving bilateral axotomy of the hypogastric nerve, the pelvic nerve, or both, alongside with a sham-operated control. After 15 days, the animals were killed, and prostate tissue was dissociated in DMEM medium containing DNase I and collagenase. The dissociated cells were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies, and cell characterization was performed using a flow cytometer. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to analyze histological characteristics, while testosterone, prolactin, and interleukin levels were measured via ELISA. Histological analysis revealed inflammatory atypical hypertrophy e hiperplasia. Immunological assessments demonstrated increased leukocytes, T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+), B lymphocytes, and macrophages following double nerve axotomy. Serum analyses showed elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-10, in denervated animals. Hormonal assessments revealed significant increases in serum prolactin and testosterone levels after double axotomy. Loss of neural control may promote pathological prostate changes via inflammation and hormonal dysregulation, offering insights into neuroimmune and neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying prostate pathologies.

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