Information, Vol. 17, Pages 20: Application of FDTD Method in the Calculation of Lightning Propagation Effects on Mixed Terrain of Land and Sea

Information doi: 10.3390/info17010020

Authors:
Fang Xiao
Qiming Ma
Xiao Zhou
Jiajun Song
Jiaquan Wang
Linsen Jiang

Based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, this study investigates the propagation effects of lightning electromagnetic fields over mixed sea–land paths. A self-developed FDTD computational model is employed, which takes into account the influence of the Earth–ionosphere waveguide structure on the radiation field propagation. Through numerical simulations, the waveforms of the vertical electric field and azimuthal magnetic field of the lightning radiation during mixed-path propagation are obtained. The results demonstrate that under long-distance propagation conditions of 50 km, the discontinuity between land and sea media significantly distorts the electric field waveform, while the influence on the magnetic field waveform is negligible. This study provides a reliable numerical basis for analyzing the propagation characteristics of lightning radiation fields in complex terrain and offers valuable insights for lightning location and electromagnetic environment assessment.

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