Newly diagnosed treatment-naïve POAG patients vs. those on topical anti-glaucoma medicationsA prospective cohort study conducted on 120 eyes with POAG (60 on topical anti-glaucoma drops and 60 treatment-naïve eyes).At 3, 6, and 12 months, the OSDI score, TBUT, Schirmer’s test, TMH, and TMD had significantly better values in the treatment-naïve group in comparison to the medicated group (p < 0.0001).Srivastava et al.
India, 2024
[40]Patients with open-angle glaucoma or OHT on topical anti-glaucoma medications vs. healthy subjectsIn this cross-sectional study, 75 patients were using topical anti-glaucoma medications and 65 were treatment-naïve subjects. OSDI, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, fluorescein staining, and CET were evaluated.The treatment group had a significantly shorter TBUT, shorter Schirmer’s test, and greater fluorescein staining than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The mean CET of patients with glaucoma was significantly lower than that of controls in the central, paracentral, mid-peripheral, and peripheral zones (50.6 vs. 53.1 µm; p < 0.001). The number of medications and duration of treatment also affected the CET in all zones (p < 0.05).Ye et al.
China, 2022
[41]Glaucoma patients on topical anti-glaucoma medications vs. healthy controls94 patients with glaucoma on topical medications (study group) and 94 patients in the treatment-naïve control group were assessed using OSDI, TBUT, lissamine green staining, and Schirmer’s test.OSDI scores were significantly higher in the study group (72.4%) vs. controls (44.6%). Similarly, the study group had decreased tear production (84% vs. 53%, respectively), abnormal TBUT (67.1% vs. 47.8%), and positive lissamine green staining (36.2% vs. 31.8%) compared to the control group.Pai and Reddy
India, 2018
[42]Patients with POAG or OHT on topical anti-glaucoma medications vs. healthy controls211 eyes of patients with POAG or OHT on topical medication were recruited. Controls consisted of 51 eyes. Outcome measures were fluorescein corneal staining score, TMH, TBUT, and OSDI.Compared to controls, significantly higher OSDI (10.24 vs. 2.5; p < 0.001) and corneal staining (≥1: 64.93% vs. 32.61%; p < 0.001) scores were recorded in the medication group. No significant differences in TBUT and TMH were observed between groups.Pérez-Bartolomé et al.
Spain, 2017
[43]Glaucoma patients on topical anti-glaucoma medications vs. OHT patients or relatives of glaucoma patients not on topical medicationsIn this cross-sectional study, 109 participants (79 on topical medications and 30 controls) were evaluated via OSDI, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, and fluorescein staining.The medication group had significantly shorter TBUT (6.0 vs. 9.5 s; p < 0.03), greater fluorescein staining (1.0 vs. 0; p < 0.001), and higher impression cytology grade than the control group (1.0 vs. 0.6; p < 0.001).Cvenkel et al.
Slovenia, 2015
[44]Patients with POAG on topical anti-glaucoma medications vs. healthy controlsAge-matched patients were assigned to 2 groups: the glaucoma group (31 patients) and the treatment-naïve control group (30 patients). Each patient was assessed with OSDI, conjunctival/corneal staining, and TBUT.OSDI scores of the glaucoma group positively correlated to the amount and duration of drops used. The glaucoma group had a higher mean OSDI score than the control group (18.97 vs. 6.25). Abnormal TBUT and staining scores were seen in the glaucoma group compared with the control group (68% vs. 17%).Saade et al.
USA, 2015
[45]Patients with glaucoma or OHT on 0, 1, or ≥2 topical anti-glaucoma medications39 patients treated for glaucoma or OHT and 9 untreated patients were included in this study. Corneal sensitivity was measured using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining, and OSDI.Corneal sensitivity of patients treated with IOP-lowering medications was negatively correlated to the number of instillations of P drops (p < 0.001) and duration of treatment (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in OSDI or Schirmer’s test scores between the groups.Van Went et al.
France, 2011
[46]Patients with POAG, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, pigment dispersion glaucoma, or OHT on topical anti-glaucoma medicationsThis prospective observational study assessed OSDI in 630 patients with POAG, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, pigment dispersion glaucoma, or OHT who were on topical IOP-lowering medications.305 patients (48.4%) had an OSDI score indicating either mild, moderate, or severe OSD symptoms. Higher OSDI scores were observed in patients using multiple IOP-lowering medications (p = 0.0001).Fechtner et al.
USA, 2010
[47]Patients using P vs. PF topical beta-blocker dropsIn a multicenter cross-sectional survey in four European countries, ophthalmologists in private practice enrolled 9658 patients using P or PF beta-blocking eyedrops between 1997 and 2003. Subjective symptoms, conjunctival and palpebral signs, and SPK were assessed before and after a change in therapy.Palpebral, conjunctival, and corneal signs were significantly more frequent (p < 0.0001) in the P-group than in the PF-group, such as pain or discomfort during instillation (48% vs. 19%), foreign body sensation (42% vs. 15%), stinging or burning (48% vs. 20%), and dry eye sensation (35% vs. 16%). A significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in all ocular symptoms was observed in patients who switched from P to PF eye drops.Jaenen et al.
Belgium, 2007
[48]Patients with POAG or OHT using P vs. PF topical anti-glaucoma medicationsThis prospective epidemiological survey was carried out in 1999 by 249 ophthalmologists on 4107 patients. Ocular symptoms, conjunctiva, and cornea were assessed between P and PF eye drops.All symptoms were more prevalent with P than with PF drops (p < 0.001): discomfort upon instillation (43% vs. 17%), burning-stinging (40% vs. 22%), foreign body sensation (31% vs. 14%), dry eye sensation (23% vs. 14%), and tearing (21% vs. 14%). An increased incidence (>2 times) and duration of ocular signs were seen with P eye drops, which decreased upon switching to PF drops (p < 0.001).Pisella et al.
France, 2002
[49]