Microorganisms, Vol. 13, Pages 1447: Emerging Technologies and Integrated Strategies for Microbial Detection and Control in Fresh Produce

Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071447

Authors:
Ayman Elbehiry
Eman Marzouk
Feras Alzaben
Abdulaziz Almuaither
Banan Abead
Mohammed Alamri
Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini
Akram Abu-Okail

The global consumption of fresh and ready-to-eat (RTE) fruits and vegetables has surged due to increasing awareness of their nutritional benefits. However, this trend has been accompanied by a rise in foodborne illness outbreaks linked to microbial contamination. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the prevalence and diversity of foodborne pathogens in fresh produce, including bacterial, viral, and fungal agents. It critically evaluates both conventional and emerging detection methods, ranging from culture-based techniques and immunoassays to advanced molecular diagnostics, biosensors, flow cytometry (FC), and hyperspectral imaging (HSI). Additionally, this review discusses cutting-edge control strategies, such as natural antifungal agents, essential oils, biocontrol methods, and non-thermal technologies like cold plasma and UV-C treatment. Emphasis is placed on sampling methodologies, sustainability, One Health perspectives, and regulatory considerations. By highlighting recent technological advances and their limitations, this review aims to support the development of integrated, effective, and safe microbial control approaches for the fresh produce supply chain.

Source link

Ayman Elbehiry www.mdpi.com