Microorganisms, Vol. 13, Pages 998: Trends and Challenges in the Detection and Environmental Surveillance of the Hepatitis E Virus

Microorganisms doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13050998

Authors:
Mariana Alves Elois
Catielen Paula Pavi
Yasmin Ferreira Souza Hoffmann Jempierre
Giulia Von Tönnemann Pilati
Lucas Zanchetta
Henrique Borges da Silva Grisard
Nerea García
David Rodríguez-Lázaro
Gislaine Fongaro

The Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for causing Hepatitis E, a zoonotic disease that has emerged as a significant global health concern, accounting for about 20 million infections and 70,000 deaths annually. Although it is often recognized as a disease that is acute in low-income countries, HEV has also been recognized as a zoonotic disease in high-income countries. The zoonotic transmission requires flexible approaches to effectively monitor the virus, vectors, and reservoirs. However, the environmental monitoring of HEV presents additional challenges due to limitations in current detection methods, making it difficult to accurately assess the global prevalence of the virus. These challenges hinder efforts to fully understand the scope of the disease and to implement effective control measures. This review will explore these and other critical concerns, addressing gaps in HEV research and highlighting the need for improved strategies in the monitoring, prevention, and management of Hepatitis E using a One Health approach.

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Mariana Alves Elois www.mdpi.com