Molecules, Vol. 31, Pages 224: Optimization of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Barbatimão) Extraction: Chemical Evaluation, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules31020224
Authors:
Cynthia Nara Pereira de Oliveira
Thainá Gomes Peixoto
Luiz Gustavo Modesto Lobo Teixeira
Samuel Beiral Alves Pessoa
Nicole Maia Pedrosa
Viviane Flores Xavier
Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
Cristina Duarte Vianna Soares
André Augusto Gomes Faraco
Karina Barbosa de Queiroz
Fernanda Guimarães Drummond e Silva
Rachel Oliveira Castilho
Extracts from the stem bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) exhibit relevant medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activities, which reinforce their potential for developing herbal medicines. The $550 billion plant bioactive market (by 2030) demands safer, green-chemistry-aligned extraction methods for responsible industrial scaling. In this study, dry extracts obtained from the stem bark of S. adstringens were obtained by ultrasound-assisted maceration in one- and two-step extraction systems. Parameters such as yield, solvent evaporation time, cost, acute toxicity, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration, cell viability, antioxidant potential, and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. High-EGCG two-step organic extracts were industrially difficult, needing more raw material and toxic solvents. In contrast, the single-step extracts showed a better balance between yield, cost, safety, and biological efficacy. All extracts showed cell viability above 70% at safe concentrations and significantly reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the results confirm that optimizing single-step extraction, with lower environmental impact solvents, enables producing safe and effective polyphenol-rich extracts, consolidating water as the main candidate for industrial-scale phytotherapeutic formulations of barbatimão, in line with its traditional use in infusions.
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Cynthia Nara Pereira de Oliveira www.mdpi.com
