Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is the most important pollinator for agricultural crops worldwide. Its contribution is estimated to be worth billions of USD in the United States alone [1,2,3]. For many farms, ensuring sufficient crop pollination is only possible by utilizing honey bee colony services [4]. However, honey bee management is becoming increasingly challenging due to many factors, including the spread of pests [5,6,7] and the improper and extensive use of pesticides and herbicides [8,9,10]. One of the most critical threats to beekeeping is varroosis, caused by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). This parasite feeds on the fat body and hemolymph of both adult and immature bees [11,12,13]. Infestation by V. destructor weakens the bees’ immune systems, reduces the weight of emerging adults, and alters the chemical composition of the cuticle [14]. Moreover, V. destructor serves as a vector for debilitating viruses, including the Israeli acute paralysis virus, Kashmir bee virus, and Deformed Wing virus [14,15]. These effects cumulatively shorten the lifespan of bees, ultimately leading to colony collapse [11]. The control of V. destructor in commercial beekeeping relies primarily on the application of synthetic acaricides. While the commercial preparation based on these products is convenient and cost-effective, they have significant drawbacks, including the development of acaricide-resistant mite strains [16,17]. Additionally, their persistence in the environment [11] and possible accumulation in hive products, due to their lipophilic nature, pose ecological and food safety concerns [18]. Eco-friendly alternatives, such as organic acids (e.g., oxalic acid and formic acid) and essential oils (EOs) and/or monoterpenes of EOs show promise. Nevertheless, several studies indicate that using organic acids to counteract Varroa could be detrimental to bees. For instance, open and capped broods are more frequently damaged and removed [19,20]. Furthermore, there have been reports of long-term harm to bees’ digestive and excretory organs and glands [21,22], harm to the queen, or, frequently, even early death [23,24], as well as a drop in the pH of honey the next season [25]. Although they require high doses to be effective and can induce swarming in colonies [26,27], at present, EOs appear to be the most harmless and effective compounds for Varroa control [28,29]. Several EOs have been tested against V. destructor, with varying degrees of success [29,30,31,32]. Most of the studies have been conducted under laboratory conditions; only a limited number have been evaluated under field conditions. This represents an important gap that must be filled to conscientiously assess the efficacy of EOs against Varroa. Indeed, field conditions are variable, and the effective concentrations of oils tested in the laboratory may not be sufficient, requiring much higher concentrations. High concentrations could ultimately cause side effects in hives, which makes it necessary to assess EOs in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Citrus bergamia and Citrus limon EOs (BEO, LEO) in controlling varroosis directly within hives. The investigation involved a two-step process: first, assessing the oils’ ability to induce V. destructor detachment from its host and their toxicity to A. mellifera in a laboratory setting; and, second, testing their efficacy in an experimental apiary.